塔里木盆地克拉苏构造带超深复杂气田井全生命周期地质工程一体化实践

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-7703.2019.02.004

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 克拉苏构造带天然气总资源量丰富，是塔里木盆地天然气增储上产的主力区块。受强烈造山运动的影响，克拉苏构造带地质工程条件极为复杂，呈现出"一深（垂深7000~8000m）、三高（高温130~190℃、高压116~136MPa、高地应力130~180MPa）、两低（孔隙度4%~8%、渗透率0.01~0.1mD）、两厚（巨厚砾石层5500m、巨厚盐膏层4500m）、一陡（地层倾角87°）"的特征，导致安全、效益勘探开发难度巨大。为了实现克拉苏构造带的优快钻井与改造上产，立足于实践地质工程一体化，建设多学科一体化研究团队，创新一体化工作模式，开展了超深复杂气田提速、提产、提质攻关研究。采用关键层段精准预测、个性化钻头设计、油基钻井液体系研发等手段相结合的方法，实现了全井段安全快速钻井；根据甜点预测、裂缝评价与分类，建立了基于天然裂缝可压裂性的改造提产优选策略；结合地层特点、流体性质、工况条件等因素进行系统屏障设计，确保了井筒质量。经过地质工程一体化实践的不断发展完善，超深井钻井周期从"十二五"期间的336天降至2017年的277天，单井平均增产4~5倍、井完整性完好率不断提升，为克拉苏超深复杂气田井安全效益开发提供了有力的技术保障。

关键词: 克拉苏构造带, 超深复杂气田, 地质工程一体化, 组织模式, 实践, 提速, 提产, 提质

Abstract: The gas-rich Kelasu structural belt is the primary option for increasing reserves and production in the Tarim Basin. The geological and engineering conditions in the belt are extremely complex as a result of strong orogenic movements, represented by deep burial (VD 7000-8000 m), high temperature (130-190℃), high pressure (116-136 MPa), high in-situ stress (130-180 MPa), low porosity (4%-8%), low permeability (0.01-0.1 mD), thick gravel (5500 m), thick salt-gypsum (4500 m), and large dip angle (87°). These factors bring great challenges to the safe and economical exploration and development. In order to get fast drilling and production, guided by the geology-engineering integration, the multi-disciplinary research team worked in an innovative and integrated manner to figure out the solutions to ultra-deep complex gas reservoir development with higher rate, productivity and quality. By combining precise prediction of key zones, customized design of drill bit and oil-based drilling fluid system, the all sections were drilled in a safe and rapid mode. According to sweet spots prediction, fracture evaluation and classification, an optimal fracturing stimulation process was established based on fracturability of natural fractures. Considering formation and fluid properties and working conditions, a system barrier was designed for ensuring wellbore integrity. By virtue of improving geology-engineering integration practices, the drilling period of an ultra-deep well reduced from 336 days during the 12th Five-Year Plan period to 277 days in 2017, the average single-well productivity increased by 4-5 times, and the well integrity was improved. Thus, the geology-engineering integration is a technical guarantee for safe and economical development of ultra-deep complex gas reservoirs in the Kelasu structural belt.

Key words: Kelasu tectonic belt, ultra-deep complex gas reservoir, geology-engineering integration, organization mode, practice, higher rate, higher productivity, higher quality

中图分类号:

田军, 刘洪涛, 滕学清, 蔡振忠, 张辉, 曹立虎. 塔里木盆地克拉苏构造带超深复杂气田井全生命周期地质工程一体化实践[J]. 中国石油勘探, 2019, 24(2): 165-173.

Tian Jun, Liu Hongtao, Teng Xueqing, Cai Zhenzhong, Zhang Hui, Cao Lihu. Geology-engineering integration practices throughout well lifecycle in ultra-deep complex gas reservoirs of Kelasu tectonic belt, Tarim Basin[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2019, 24(2): 165-173.

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