普光气田下三叠统飞仙关组碳酸盐岩储层特征及主控因素分析

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-7703.2017.06.005

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 寻找优质储层发育带对于普光气田实现"少井高效"的深化勘探开发具有重要意义。普光气田飞仙关组海相碳酸盐台地边缘浅滩-台地前缘斜坡具有沉积水体浅、蒸发作用强的特点，发育了飞仙关组飞一+二段台地边缘浅滩相鲕粒云岩和飞三段蒸发台地潟湖相泥晶-粉晶云岩的储层组合，形成以次生孔隙为主、缝洞发育较少的储集空间，其中飞一+二段的鲕粒云岩储层具有大孔中粗喉、中高孔高渗的良好储集特点，而飞三段泥晶-粉晶云岩具有微孔微喉、低孔低渗的较差储集特点。研究发现，储层发育的优质程度主要受沉积作用、成岩作用和构造作用的联合控制，其中沉积作用是基础，台地边缘浅滩沉积为最有利的储集相带；成岩作用是关键，白云石化和两期生烃的溶蚀叠加作用形成了大量的次生溶蚀孔洞，极大改善了储层的储集性能；早期的构造升降控制了烃源岩和储层的形成演化，后期的北东向断裂体系决定了油气运移的优势路径，断裂和裂缝提供了良好的渗滤通道，形成潜在的优质储层发育区。

关键词: 普光气田, 飞仙关组, 碳酸盐岩气藏, 储集特征, 主控因素

Abstract: In order to realize the exploration and development aim of "high efficiency with fewer wells" in Puguang gas field, it is of great significance to search for the good-quality reservoir development zones. In Puguang gas field, the platform margin shoal-platform front ramp of Feixianguan Formation marine carbonates are characterized by shallow sedimentary water and strong evaporation. In this environment, the reservoir combination of oolitic dolomite in T₁f₁₊₂ platform margin shoal and muddy-micritic dolomite in T₁f₃ evaporative platform lagoon is developed, and the reservoir space is mainly in the form of secondary pores and less fractures and vugs. The T₁f₁₊₂ oolitic dolomite is characterized advantageously by large pore, medium-coarse throat, moderate-high porosity and high permeability, but the T₁f₃ muddymicritic dolomite presents the characteristics of poor reservoirs, e.g. micro pore, tiny throat, low porosity and low permeability. It is indicated that the quality of reservoir development is mainly controlled by the joint effect of sedimentation, diagenesis and tectogenesis. Among them, sedimentation is the foundation, thus the platform margin shoal is the most favorable reservoir facies. Diagenesis is the key effect, and a large amount of secondary solution pores are formed due to the dolomitization and the stacked dissolution of two periods of hydrocarbon generation, thus the physical properties of the reservoirs are improved greatly. The formation and evolution of source rocks reservoirs are controlled by the early tectonic uplift, the dominant oil and gas migration pathways are dominated by the late NE-striking fault system, and the seepage channels are acted by fractures and faults. Consequently, potential good-quality reservoir development areas are formed.

Key words: Puguang gas field, Feixianguan Formation, carbonate gas reservoir, reservoir characteristics, main controlling factor

中图分类号:

TE112.2

刘冉, 霍飞, 王鑫, 杨涛, 李熹微, 陈柯童. 普光气田下三叠统飞仙关组碳酸盐岩储层特征及主控因素分析[J]. 中国石油勘探, 2017, 22(6): 34-46.

Liu Ran, Huo Fei, Wang Xin, Yang Tao, Li Xiwei, Chen Ketong. Characteristics and main controlling factors of Lower Triassic Feixianguan Formation carbonate reservoir in Puguang gas field[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2017, 22(6): 34-46.

参考文献

[1] 马永生. 中国海相油气田勘探实例(之六)——四川盆地普光大型气田的发现与勘探[J].海相油气地质,2005,10(1):43-47. Ma Yongsheng. Cases of discovery and exploration of marine fields in China(part 6):Puguang gas field in Sichuan Basin[J]. Marine Origin petroleum Geology, 2005,10(1):43-47.
[2] 蔡勋育,马永生,李国雄,黄仁春. 普光气田下三叠统飞仙关组储层特征[J]. 石油天然气学报,2005,27(1):43-45. Cai xunyu,Ma Yongsheng,Li Guoxiong,Huang Renchun. Reservoir characteristics of Feixianguan formation in Lower Triassic series of the Puguang Gasfield[J]. Journal of Oil and Gas Technology, 2005,27(1):43-45.
[3] 马永生,蔡勋育,李国雄. 四川盆地普光大型气藏基本特征及成藏富集规律[J]. 地质学报,2006,79(6):861-865. Ma Yongsheng, Cai Xunyu, Li Guoxiong. Basic characteristics and concentration of the Puguang gas field in the Sichuan Basin[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica, 2006,79(6):861-865.
[4] 蒋小琼,管宏林,郑和荣,王恕一,范明,鲍云杰,等. 四川盆地普光气田飞仙关组白云岩储层成因探讨[J]. 石油实验地质,2014,36(3):332-336. Jiang Xiaoqiong,Guan Honglin, Zheng Herong, Wang Shuyi, Fan Ming, Bao Yunjie, et al. Disscussion on origin of dolomite reservoirs in Feixianguan Formation, Puguang gas field, Sichuan Basin[J]. Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 2014,36(3):332-336.
[5] 马永生,郭彤楼,赵雪凤,蔡勋育. 普光气田深部优质白云岩储层形成机制[J]. 中国科学:地球科学,2007,12(增刊2):43-52. Ma Yongsheng, Guo Tonglou, Zhao Xuefeng, Cai Xunyu. Formation mechanism of deep-buried quality carbonate reservoir in Puguang Gasfield[J]. Science China Earth Sciences, 2007,12(Supp.2):43-52.
[6] 蔡立国,饶丹,潘文蕾,张欣国. 川东北地区普光气田成藏模式研究[J]. 石油实验地质,2005,27(5):462-467. Cai Liguo, Rao Dan, Pan Wenlei, Zhang Xinguo. The evolution model of the Puguang gas field in northeast of Sichuan[J]. Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 2005,27(5):462-467.
[7] 何莹,胡东风,张箭,黎平,盘昌林,王岩,等. 四川盆地大湾-毛坝-铁山坡地区飞仙关组储层特征及其主控因素[J]. 中国地质, 2008,35(5):922-939. He Ying, Hu Dongfeng, Zhang Jian, Li Ping, Pan Changlin, Wang Yan, et al. Reservoir rock characteristics and main controlling factors of the Feixianguan Formation in the MaobaDawan-Tieshanpo area,Sichuan Basin[J]. Geology in China, 2008,35(5):922-939.
[8] 刘树根,孙玮,钟勇,田艳红,吴娟,王国芝,等. 四川叠合盆地深层海相碳酸盐岩油气的形成和分布理论探讨[J]. 中国石油勘探, 2016,21(1):15-27. Liu Shugen, Sun Wei, Zhong Yong, Tian Yanhong, Wu Juan, Wang Guozhi, et al. Discussion on the theories of the hydrocarbon formation and distribution of the deep-seated marine carbonates in the Sichuan superimposed basin, China[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2016,21(1):15-27.
[9] 洪海涛,杨雨,刘鑫,陈文,夏茂龙,张静等. 四川盆地海相碳酸盐岩储层特征及控制因素[J]. 石油学报, 2012,33(增刊2):64-73. Hong Haitao, Yang Yu, Liu Xin, Chen Wen, Xia Maolong, Zhang Jing, et al. The characteristic and development law of marine carbonate reservoirs in Sichuan Basin, China[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2012,33(Supp.2):64-73.
[10] 郑志红,李登华,白森舒,贾君,昝昕,刘卓亚,等. 四川盆地天然气资源潜力[J]. 中国石油勘探,2017,22(3):12-20. Zheng Zhihong, Li Denghua, Bai Senshu, Jia Jun, Zan Xin, Liu Zhuoya, et al. Resource potentials of natural gas in Sichuan Basin[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2017,22(3):12-20.
[11] 张建勇,周进高,郝毅,王小芳,吕玉珍,张大智,等.四川盆地环开江-梁平海槽长兴组-飞仙关组沉积模式[J].海相油气地质, 2011,16(3):45-54. Zhang Jianyong, Zhou Jingao, Hao Yi, Wang Xiaofang, Lü Yuzhen, Zhang Dazhi, et al. The sedimentary modes in P₂ch T₁f Formation around Kaijiang-Liangping trough in Sichuan Basin[J]. Marine Origin Petroleum Geology, 2011,16(3):45-54.
[12] 易立,刘震,邹才能. 裂隆耦合控藏——碳酸盐岩台地内边缘礁滩大气田成藏模式[J]. 中国石油勘探,2016,21(1):44-52. Yi Li, Liu Zhen, Zou Caineng. Joint control over reservoirs by faults and uplifts:formation of large-scale gas reservoirs in marginal reefs of carbonate tableland[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2016,21(1):44-52.
[13] 何治亮,金晓辉,沃玉进,李慧莉, 白振瑞,焦存礼,等. 中国海相超深层碳酸盐岩油气成藏特点及勘探领域[J]. 中国石油勘探, 2016,21(1):3-14. He Zhiliang, Jin Xiaohui, Wo Yujin, Li Huili,Bai Zhenrui,Jiao Cunli, et al. Hydrocarbon accumulation characteristics and exploration domains of ultra-deep marine carbonates in China[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2016, 21(1):3-14.
[14] 杨雨,王一刚,文应初,刘划一.川东飞仙关组沉积相与鲕滩气藏的分布[J].天然气勘探与开发,2001,24(3):18-21. Yang Yu, Wang Yigang, Wen Yingchu, Liu Huayi. Sedimentary facies and distribution of oolitic beach reservoirs in Feixianguan Formation in northeast Sichuan Basin[J]. Natural Gas Exploration and Development, 2001,24(3):18-21.
[15] 张建勇,周进高,潘立银,王小芳,王芳,郝毅,等. 川东北地区孤立台地飞仙关组优质储层形成主控因素——大气淡水淋滤及渗透回流白云石化[J]. 天然气地球科学,2010,21(2):68-77. Zhang Jianyong, Zhou Jingao, Pan Liyin, Wang Xiaofang, Wang Fang, Hao Yi, et al. The main origins of high quality reservoir in Feixianguan Formation in northeast Sichuan Basin:atmospheric water eluviation and seepage-reflux dolomitization[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2010,21(2):68-77.
[16] 王一刚,文应初,洪海涛,夏茂龙,何颋婷,宋蜀筠. 四川盆地三叠系飞仙关组气藏储层成岩作用研究[J]. 沉积学报,2007,25(6):831-839. Wang Yigang, Wen Yingchu, Hong Haitao, Xia Maolong, He Tingting, Song Shujun. Diagenesis of Triassic Feixianguan Formation in Sichuan Basin, southwest China[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 2007,25(6):831-839.
[17] 郑荣才,耿威,郑超,李爽,李瑰丽,罗平,等.川东北地区飞仙关组优质白云岩储层的成因[J]. 石油学报,2008,29(6):815-821. Zheng Rongcai, Geng Wei, Zheng Chao, Li Shuang, Li Guili, Luo Ping, et al. Genesis of dolostone reservoir of Feixianguan Formation in Lower Triassic of northeast Sichuan Basin[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2008,29(6):815-821.
[18] 陈更生,曾伟,杨雨,杨天泉,王兴志. 川东北部飞仙关组白云石化成因探讨[J]. 天然气工业,2005,25(4):40-41. Chen Gengsheng, Zeng Wei, Yang Yu, Yang Tianquan, Wang Xingzhi. Discussion on dolomitization genesis of Feixianguan Formation in northeast Sichuan[J]. Natural Gas Industry, 2005,25(4):40-41.
[19] 夏明军,邓瑞健,姜贻伟,毕建霞,靳秀菊. 普光气田鲕滩储层关键溶蚀期次的确立——兼议H₂S与石膏的关系[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2010,21(3):68-77. Xia Mingjun, Deng Ruijian, Jiang Yiwei, Bi Jianxia, Jin Xiuju. Determiantion of the key dissolution stage of oolitic beach reservoir and discussion of relationship between H₂S and anhydrite in Puguang gas field[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2010,21(3):68-77.
[20] 朱光有,张水昌,梁英波,马永生,戴金星,周国源.TSR对深部碳酸盐岩储层的溶蚀改造——四川盆地深部碳酸盐岩优质储层形成的重要方式[J]. 岩石学报,2006,22(8):2182-2194. Zhu Guangyou, Zhang Shuichang, Liang Yingbo, Ma Yongsheng, Dai Jinxing, Zhou Guoyuan.Dissolution and alteration of the deep carbonate reservoirs by TSR:an important type of deep-buried high-quality carbonate reservoirs in Sichuan Basin[J]. Acta Petrologica Sinica, 2006,22(8):2182-2194.
[21] 陈志勇,李启明,夏斌. 川东北地区热化学硫酸盐还原反应机理及成藏效应研究[J]. 天然气地球科学,2007,18(5):743-749. Chen Zhiyong, Li Qiming, Xia Bin. Mechanism and accumulation effect of thermochemical sulfate reduction in northeast area of Sichuan Basin[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2007,18(5):743-749.
[22] 胡明,邓绍强,陈蓉,陈华生. 川东北地区构造应力场及与油气运移关系研究[J]. 特种油气藏,2008,15(3):14-19. Hu Ming, Deng Shaoqiang, Chen Rong, Chen Huasheng. Tectonic stress field and hydrocarbon migration in northeast Sichuan Basin[J]. Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs, 2008,15(3):14-19.