库车坳陷依奇克里克地区中—下侏罗统深层砂岩储层特征及其物性主控因素

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-7703.2020.06.006

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对塔里木盆地库车坳陷依奇克里克地区中—下侏罗统深层砂岩储层成岩作用复杂、非均质性强、储层特征及其成因不明确的特点，综合利用铸体薄片、扫描电镜、物性分析、X 射线衍射、CT 扫描等多种分析手段，并结合区域地层埋藏史、古地温史、R o 演变史、沉积相等相关研究成果，详细分析了中—下侏罗统储层成岩作用演化阶段及其物性控制因素。研究结果表明：①中—下侏罗统储层具有低成分成熟度、高塑性岩屑含量及中等结构成熟度的特征。②储层现今主体埋深为4000～5000m，储层储集空间以次生溶蚀孔和裂缝为主，平均孔隙度为7.21%，平均渗透率为9.15mD，总体为低孔低渗储层，部分储层由于发育构造裂缝而渗透率较高。③储层成岩演化可分为两个阶段：第一阶段发生在新近纪之前，成岩作用为初期沉积埋藏压实减孔和长期浅埋藏期腐殖酸溶蚀增孔；第二阶段发生在新近纪之后，发生的成岩作用为储层快速深埋侧向挤压压实减孔和大量伊利石生成胶结减孔，并伴随发育大量裂缝改善储层渗透率。④优质储层物性主控因素为沉积水动力条件、后期成岩作用和构造裂缝发育。富含石英等刚性颗粒的粗砂级辫状河河道和水下分流河道砂岩有较强的抗压实能力，是优质储层形成的沉积基础。裂缝的发育大大改善了研究区储层的渗透率，是优质储层发育的主要控制因素。

关键词: 塔里木盆地；库车坳陷；中&mdash, 下侏罗统；深层储层；物性主控因素

Abstract: Deep tight sandstone reservoirs in the Middle-Lower Jurassic in the Yiqikelike area, Kuqa depression in the Tarim Basin, are characterized by complex diagenesis, strong heterogeneity, and poor understandings of reservoir characteristics and genesis. This paper analyzes the diagenetic evolution stages of these reservoirs and the factors controlling their physical properties in detail, using analysis methods such as casting thin section, Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), physical property analysis, X-ray diffraction, and CT scanning. The results of previous research are combined, including regional stratigraphic burial history, paleo-geothermal history, Ro evolution history, and sedimentary facies. The results show that: (1) The reservoirs in the Middle-Lower Jurassic are characterized by low compositional maturity, high content of plastic litho-clast, and medium textural maturity. (2) The burial depth of the reservoirs is mainly 4,0005,000 m. The reservoir spaces are dominated by secondary dissolution pores and fractures, with average porosity of 7.21% and average permeability of 9.15 mD, which represents a low porosity and low permeability reservoirs. However, some reservoirs have high permeability due to the development of tectonic fractures. (3) The diagenetic evolution of the reservoirs can be divided into two stages. The first stage occurred before the Neogene and had two prominent features. One was burial compaction during initial sedimentation, which led to porosity reduction. The other is dissolution by humic acid during long-term shallow burial, which led to porosity increment. The second stage occurred after the Neogene. Diagenesis in this stage also had two particular features. One was lateral compaction of reservoirs during rapid burial, which led to porosity reduction. The other was cementation by large amounts of illite, generated at the same time, which also decreased porosity. Permeability of the reservoirs was improved by the development of large numbers of fractures. (4) The main factors controlling the physical properties of high-quality reservoirs are the hydrodynamic conditions during sedimentation, late diagenesis, and the tectonic compression. Sandstones developed in the sedimentary microfacies of coarse sand-braided river channels, and underwater distributary channels are rich in rigid grains such as quartz which have strong compression resistance, providing the sedimentary basis for the formation of high-quality reservoirs. The development of fractures has greatly improved reservoir permeability in the study area and is the main controlling factor for the development of high-quality reservoirs.

中图分类号:

伍劲, 刘占国, 朱超, 宫清顺, 夏志远, 宋光永, 王波. 库车坳陷依奇克里克地区中—下侏罗统深层砂岩储层特征及其物性主控因素[J]. 中国石油勘探, 2020, 25(6): 58-67.

Wu Jin, Liu Zhanguo, Zhu Chao, Gong Qingshun, Xia Zhiyuan, Song Guangyong, Wang Bo. Characteristics of deep tight sandstone reservoirs and their controlling factors in the Middle-Lower Jurassic in the Yiqikelike area, Kuqa depression[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2020, 25(6): 58-67.

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