渤海海域深层—超深层太古宇潜山成藏条件与富集

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-7703.2025.01.009

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 太古宇潜山是近年来渤海海域深层重要的储量发现领域。以三维地震资料、测井录井资料及分析化验数据为基础，开展渤海海域太古宇潜山油气成藏条件研究，总结了重点潜山的油气富集模式。研究表明，渤海太古宇潜山具有独特的成藏条件：印支期—喜马拉雅期多幕挤压隆升及断块翘倾作用，共同控制了渤海海域多类型太古宇潜山圈闭的形成；太古宇潜山展现出新生古储的特点，其烃源岩主要来源于新生界沙三段、沙一二段（沙一段+ 沙二段）和东三段暗色泥岩，大中型潜山则主要围绕富生烃凹陷分布，表现出显著的源控效应；中—新生代多期挤压、剪切、伸展活动，在多类型潜山中形成了复杂的裂缝体系，并叠加后期流体溶蚀，是规模储层发育的关键；渐新世—新近纪渤海地区快速沉降造成沙河街组—东营组厚层泥岩超压的形成，为太古宇潜山提供了稳定的区域盖层条件。在此基础上，针对出露型与覆盖型太古宇潜山分别建立了源下“超压充注—先油后气”与源边“窄窗强注—复式输导”两类油气富集模式，油气强充注、储层强改造是太古宇潜山规模成藏的关键，并指出：渤中凹陷中生界/ 古生界覆盖型太古宇潜山是下一步潜山勘探的重要领域，为渤海深层潜山勘探指明了方向。

关键词: 渤海海域, 深层—超深层, 太古宇潜山, 成藏条件, 富集模式

Abstract: The Archean buried hills are the major field for obtaining discoveries in deep formations in Bohai Sea area in recent years. Based on 3D seismic data, mud logging, wireline logging and laboratory test data, hydrocarbon accumulation conditions of the Archaean buried hills in Bohai Sea area are analyzed, and enrichment patterns of key buried hills are summarized. The study results show that the Archean buried hills in Bohai Sea area had unique hydrocarbon accumulation conditions. Jointly controlled by multi-episode compression uplift and fault block tilting during the Indosinian–Himalayan periods, multiple types of buried hill traps were formed in Bohai Sea area. The oil and gas reservoirs were characterized by the upper source rock and lower reservoir type, which were mainly composed of dark mudstone source rocks in the third member of the Cenozoic Shahejie Formation (Sha 3 member) , the first and second members of Shahejie Formation (Sha 1+2 members),and the third member of Dongying Formation (Dong 3 member), as well as the large- and medium-sized buried hill reservoirs around the hydrocarbon-rich sags, showing significant source control effects. Influenced by multi-stage compression, shear, and extensional activities in the Mesozoic–Cenozoic, complex fracture networks were developed in multi-type buried hills, which was the key factor for the formation of large-scale reservoirs after superimposed by later fluid dissolution. The rapid subsidence in Bohai Sea area during the Oligocene–Neogene resulted in overpressure in the thick mudstone in Shahejie–Dongying formations, providing an effective regional cap rock for the Archean buried hills. Based on this understanding, two hydrocarbon enrichment patterns are established, i.e., “overpressure hydrocarbon charging, and gas after oil” pattern below source rock for the exposed type buried hills and “high-intensity hydrocarbon charging in a narrow window, and composite pathway for hydrocarbon migration” pattern beside source rock for the covered types buried hills, respectively. In addition, the key factors for the large-scale hydrocarbon accumulation in the Archean buried hills included the high-intensity hydrocarbon charging and strong reservoir transformation. The Archean buried hills covered by the Mesozoic/Paleozoic in Bozhong Sag is a major exploration field in the future, providing exploration orientation of deep buried hills in Bohai Sea area.

Key words: Bohai Sea area, deep to ultra-deep formations, Archean buried hill, hydrocarbon accumulation condition, enrichment pattern

中图分类号:

TE122.1

王昕, 杨海风, 叶涛, 宿雯, 张同杰, 赵昭. 渤海海域深层—超深层太古宇潜山成藏条件与富集[J]. 中国石油勘探, 2025, 30(1): 109-122.

Wang Xin, Yang Haifeng, Ye Tao, Su Wen, Zhang Tongjie, Zhao Zhao. Hydrocarbon accumulation conditions and enrichment patterns in the deep to ultra-deep Archean buried hills in Bohai Sea area[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2025, 30(1): 109-122.

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