准噶尔盆地深层油气勘探新领域认识与启示

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-7703.2025.03.001

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 含油气盆地深层已经成为了油气勘探的现实接替领域。准噶尔盆地演化历史长、构造背景复杂，基于近年来的新发现，对盆地深层油气勘探新领域进行了预测。研究认为，准噶尔盆地深层—超深层具有原型海相盆地、西部坳陷二叠系源内非常规、富烃凹陷大型地层油气藏及南缘前陆侏罗系—白垩系四大勘探新领域。原型海相盆地受石炭系多沉积中心分散展布的烃源岩控制，可以围绕各自的烃源灶形成相对独立的全油气系统。西部坳陷二叠系源内具有常规-非常规油气藏有序聚集的成藏规律，南部盆1井西—沙湾凹陷深层是寻找万亿方大气区的现实领域。富烃凹陷深层受古地貌与湖平面联合控制，形成大型地层圈闭，凹槽区可以形成集群式规模油气藏。南缘深层侏罗系—白垩系发育大型构造圈闭，8000m以下超深层仍发育规模优质储层，具备形成大规模天然气藏的地质条件。对这四大领域的分析认为，准噶尔盆地已经进入深层勘探为主的新阶段，油气资源普遍表现为常规—非常规有序共生的特征，优质的烃源岩和有效的成藏要素为盆地深层油气富集提供了坚实的物质基础和有利的成藏条件。

关键词: 准噶尔盆地, 深层—超深层, 成藏条件, 全油气系统, 勘探实践

Abstract: The deep-seated strata of oil-bearing basins have become a practical area for oil and gas exploration. The Junggar Basin has a long evolution history and complex tectonic background. Based on the current exploration status, the new exploration fields have been systematically summarized. Four new exploration areas in the basin's deep-ultra-deep strata have been proposed: the prototype marine basin, the unconventional inner source hydrocarbon accumulation in Permian in the Western Depression, large-scale stratigraphic hydrocarbon accumulations in the hydrocarbon-rich depression, and the Jurassic-Cretaceous strata in the southern margin. The prototype marine basin is controlled by Carboniferous hydrocarbon source rocks spread across multiple sedimentary centers, forming relatively independent whole petroleum system around each source center. The inner source hydrocarbon accumulations of Permian in the Western Depression show the hydrocarbon accumulation patterns with orderly distribution of conventional-unconventional resources. The deep strata of the Pen 1 Well West-Shawan Sag are a practical area for finding trillion cubic meter gas regions. In the hydrocarbon-rich depression, the deep strata are jointly controlled by paleogeomorphology and lake level, forming large-scale stratigraphic traps and clustered hydrocarbon reservoirs in trough areas. The southern margin's deep Jurassic-Cretaceous strata have large-scale structural traps, with high-quality reservoirs still present below 8000 meters, meeting the geological conditions for forming large-scale gas reservoirs. Analysis of these four areas shows that the Junggar Basin has entered a new stage of deep-strata-focused exploration. Its hydrocarbon resources generally exhibit the characteristics of conventional-unconventional hydrocarbons coexisting in order. High-quality hydrocarbon source rocks and effective reservoir formation factors provide a solid material basis and favorable reservoir formation conditions for hydrocarbon accumulation in the basin's deep strata.

Key words: Junggar Basin, deep- and ultra-deep-seated strata, Hydrocarbon accumulation conditions, Whole petroleum system, Exploration practice

中图分类号:

TE132.2

支东明, 何文军, 谢安, 李梦瑶, 刘寅, 曹剑. 准噶尔盆地深层油气勘探新领域认识与启示[J]. 中国石油勘探, 2025, 30(3): 1-22.

Zhi Dongming, He Wenjun, Xie An, Li Mengyao, Liu Yin, Cao Jian. New Insights and Enlightenment on Deep Oil and Gas Exploration in the Junggar Basin[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2025, 30(3): 1-22.

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