库车前陆盆地超深井全井筒提速技术

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 库车前陆盆地90% 油气资源集中在深层和超深层，但该区块地质条件复杂，油气埋藏深（5000～8000m）、温度高（100～178℃）、压力大（100～140MPa）。上部地层为高陡构造，普遍发育巨厚砾石层，防斜打快矛盾突出；中下部大段复合盐膏层、高压盐水层（2.4～2.6g/cm³）和低压漏失层并存，压力系统多变，作业风险高；储层裂缝发育，构造应力大，水敏性强，研磨性高，带来了卡钻和机械钻速低等一系列技术难题。针对上部高陡构造的防斜打快问题，塔里木油田公司引进并改进、完善垂直钻井系统，同时建立钻头优选原则，配套形成高陡构造防斜打快技术；针对复合膏盐岩地层问题，通过引进—改进—配套国外油基钻井液技术，形成以油基钻井液为核心的超深复合盐层安全钻井技术; 针对储层提速难题，通过引进国外提速工具形成了储层提速技术。在以上关键技术的组合下，最终形成库车前陆盆地超深井全井筒提速技术。

关键词: 库车前陆盆地, 超深井, 高陡构造, 提速, 垂直钻井, 油基钻井液

Abstract: About 90% of oil and gas resources in Kuqa foreland basin are in deep and ultra-deep formations, but in this area with complex geological conditions, oil and gas reservoirs are big in burial depth (5000-8000m), high in temperature (100~178℃ ) , and pressure (100 ～ 140MPa). The upper formation with high-steep structures and thick gravel layers, pose great challenge to anti-deviation and ROP (Rate of Penetration) enhancement; the middle and lower sections consisting of salt and gypsum layers, ultra-high-pressure saline water layer (2.4 - 2.6g/cm³), and low pressure lost circulation formation, have variable pressure systems and thus high risks; abundant fractures, strong tectonic force, strong water sensitivity and high abrasion of the reservoir bring about a series of problems such as drill pipe sticking and low ROP etc. In order to solve the problem of increasing ROP in high -steep structural, Tarim Oilfield has introduced and improved the vertical drilling system and worked out the principle of bit selection, forming a corollary technique series for increasing ROP in high-steep structures. In view of the problem of salt and gypsum formation, Tarim Oilfield has introduced and improved the imported oil based drilling fluid, forming ultra-deep salt & gypsum formations drilling technology centering on oil base drilling fluid; aiming at the difficulty in enhancing ROP in reservoir formation, ROP enhancement tools have been introduced from abroad. With the combination of the above key technologies, the ultimate whole-well ROP enhancement technology has been formed.

Key words: Kuqa foreland basin, ultra-deep well, high-steep structure, ROP enhancement, vertical drilling, oil-base mud

滕学清, 　陈勉, 　杨沛, 　李宁, 　周波. 库车前陆盆地超深井全井筒提速技术[J]. 中国石油勘探, 2016, 21(1): 76-88.

Teng Xueqing, Chen Mian Yang Pei, Li Ning, Zhou Bo. Whole well ROP enhancement technology for super-deep wells in Kuqa Foreland Basin[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2016, 21(1): 76-88.

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