地质工程一体化支撑下的裂缝性致密砂岩气藏压后评估及产能预测方法研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-7703.2018.02.013

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对压后评估的两项核心技术——施工压力分析和数值模拟技术，对压裂效果进行工艺性和增产性评价。施工净压力拟合可以获得压后裂缝长度、宽度、导流能力等参数，并通过三维软件模拟进一步刻画压后三维裂缝形态；而数值模拟生产历史拟合可获得有效裂缝长度、导流能力等参数，科学合理地评价压裂施工质量，准确可靠地分析压裂有效性或失效原因，对压裂效果进行工艺性评价。通过压后生产动态分析可对压后效果进行增产性评价。针对裂缝性致密砂岩流体存在于基质（提供主要的储集空间）和裂缝（提供流体的主要渗流通道）两个相互联系的系统中，依托地质工程一体化的综合研究，利用先进的成像测井裂缝描述技术，提出了天然裂缝系统裂缝孔隙度、裂缝渗透率和形状因子的计算方法，并综合基质、天然裂缝、人工裂缝、流体/岩石特性及生产历史建立了双重介质模型，通过合理地调整模型中的一些不确定参数，达到模拟与真实生产情况的统一，从而进一步评价压裂效果。该方法既是一套实用的压裂评价方法，也是一套压后产能预测和压裂方案优化方法，可为探区、新井或新层的压裂方案设计和实施提供了有力支撑。

关键词: 裂缝性致密砂岩, 压后评估, 历史拟合, 产能预测, 裂缝系统, 地质工程一体化

Abstract: Aiming at two core technologies (fracturing pressure analysis and numerical simulation) for post-fracturing evaluation, the technical process and potential of production increase of hydraulic fracturing were evaluated. After hydraulic fracturing operation, fracture parameters such as length, width and conductivity can be obtained by fitting net fracturing pressure; 3D fracture pattern can be described in details by 3D software simulation; and effective fracture length and fracture conductivity etc. can be obtained by numerical simulation of production history to further evaluate fracturing quality and effectiveness in a scientific and reasonable way, and therefore evaluate the technical process of hydraulic fracturing. The potential of production increase can be evaluated by production performance analysis after hydraulic fracturing. As the fluids in fractured tight sandstone reside in two interconnected systems (the matrix provides main reservoir space, and the fractures provide major flowing channels), based on the studies of geology-engineering integration, and using imaging logging data to characterize fractures, the method for calculating fracture porosity, facture permeability and shape factor of natural fracture systems is proposed; and by integrating matrix, natural fractures, artificial fractures, fluid/rock properties and production history, a dual-medium model is established which can simulate real production history after reasonable adjustment of some uncertain parameters in the model, so as to evaluate hydraulic fracturing effectiveness. This method is useful for fracturing evaluation, post-fracturing production prediction and optimization of fracturing stimulation plan. It can provide strong support for design and implementation of fracturing stimulation in exploration areas, new wells or new production zones.

Key words: fractured tight sandstone, post-fracturing evaluation, history fitting, production prediction, fracture system, geology-engineering integration

中图分类号:

杨向同, 滕起, 张杨, 于银华, 李伟, 冯觉勇, 郑子君, 王振兰, 高欣鑫, 董健毅. 地质工程一体化支撑下的裂缝性致密砂岩气藏压后评估及产能预测方法研究[J]. 中国石油勘探, 2018, 23(2): 104-116.

Yang Xiangtong, Teng Qi, Zhang Yang, Yu Yinhua, Li Wei, Feng Jueyong, Zheng Zijun, Wang Zhenlan, Gao Xinxin, Dong Jianyi. Post hydraulic fracturing evaluation and productivity prediction method of fractured tight sandstone gas reservoirs supported by geology-engineering integration[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2018, 23(2): 104-116.

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