鄂尔多斯盆地寒武系天然气成藏地质特征与勘探方向

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-7703.2025.01.008

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 鄂尔多斯盆地深层寒武系具有较好的天然气勘探潜力，但因其勘探程度低，岩相古地理分布、烃源岩生烃潜力、储盖组合及成藏模式不清楚。为此，基于最新地震、钻井、地质露头及大量分析化验等资料，对寒武系岩相古地理分布、烃源岩生烃潜力、有利储层特征和成藏组合类型进行了系统分析，探讨了寒武系的成藏模式与天然气勘探方向。寒武纪，鄂尔多斯盆地发育“三隆三洼”的古地貌格局。受其控制，盆地南部富平- 洛川深水海湾内发育东坡组和徐庄组2 套烃源岩，海湾内烃源岩厚度大；盆地东北部地区神木东台洼发育徐庄组烃源岩。受古隆起、台地边缘或台洼边缘控制，寒武系发育张夏组高能颗粒滩和三山子组岩溶风化壳2类有利储集体。鄂尔多斯盆地寒武系存在自生自储、下生上储和上生下储3种成藏组合类型，发育深水海湾、台内洼地、台缘斜坡与古隆起周缘4种成藏模式；盆地南部富平- 洛川深水海湾周缘高能颗粒滩与岩溶风化壳、盆地东北部神木东台洼边缘高能颗粒滩，以及庆阳古隆起东侧高能颗粒滩与岩溶风化壳和伊盟古隆起东南侧岩溶风化壳有利区带是寒武系天然气的有利勘探方向。

关键词: 鄂尔多斯盆地, 寒武系, 成藏模式, 天然气, 勘探方向

Abstract: The Cambrian in Ordos Basin has good potential for natural gas exploration. However, due to its low degree of exploration, the lithofacies paleogeographic distribution, hydrocarbon generation potential of source rocks in Cambrian are not clear, and the reservoircap assemblages and accumulation models are not determined. To address these problems, the lithofacies paleogeographic distribution,hydrocarbon generation potential of source rocks, favorable reservoirs distributionand reservoir-cap assemblage types of Cambrian were analyzed by using the newest data of seismic, drilling, outcrop and a large number of analytical tests, and the hydrocarbon accumulation models and natural gas exploration directions from Cambrian were discussed in Ordos Basin. During the Cambrian period, the Ordos Basin developed a paleogeomorphology pattern of three uplifts and three depressions. Controlled by the uplift-depression pattern, Dongpo formation and Xuzhuang formation source rocks are developed in the Fuping-Luochuan deep-water bay in the southern part of the basin, and the thickness of source rocks in the deep-water bay is large. Xuzhuang formation source rock is developed in Shenmu Dong depression, which is located in the northeast of the basin. Controlled by paleo-uplift, platform margin or depression margin, two kinds of favorable reservoirs are developed in Cambrian, including high-energy granular beach of Zhangxia Formation and karst weathering crust of Sanshanzi Formation.There are three types of accumulation assemblages in the Cambrian of Ordos Basin, including self-generation and self-storage, lowergeneration and upper-storage, and upper-generation and lower-storage. Four accumulation models are developed in Ordos Basin, including deep-water bay, depression, platform margin slope and paleo-uplift periphery. Based on the comprehensive analysis of source rocks, favorable reservoirs, reservoir-cap assemblages and accumulation models, it is suggested that the next step is to focus on the high-energy grain beaches and karst weathering crusts around the Fuping-Luochuan deep-water bay in the south of the basin, and the high-energy grain beaches on the edge of the Shenmu Dong depression in the northeast of the basin. At the same time, the natural gas exploration in the favorable areas such as high-energy grain beaches and karst weathering crusts on the east side of Qingyang paleo-uplift and karst weathering crusts on the southeast side of Yimeng paleo-uplift should be strengthened.

Key words: Ordos Basin, Cambrian accumulation model, natural gas, Exploration direction

中图分类号:

TE122.1

黄军平, 范立勇, 张艳, 任军峰, 史江龙, 井向辉, 王宏波, 李相博, 冯明, 王菁. 鄂尔多斯盆地寒武系天然气成藏地质特征与勘探方向[J]. 中国石油勘探, 2025, 30(1): 95-108.

Huang Junping, Fan Liyong, Zhang Yan, Ren Junfeng, Shi Jianglong, Jing Xianghui, Wang Hongbo, Li Xiangbo, Feng Ming, Wang Jing. Geological characteristics and exploration directions of Cambrian natural gas in Ordos Basin[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2025, 30(1): 95-108.

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