塔里木盆地库车坳陷万米领域天然气成藏关键条件分析与接替领域优选

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-7703.2025.03.004

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 万米深层是库车坳陷源内天然气勘探的重要领域之一，因其资源量大、保存条件好、油气充注近邻而成为潜在的接替领域；但也存在诸如构造圈闭、规模储层和成藏类型等不明确的关键问题。文章基于深部构造地质结构解剖、生烃潜力评价、储层物理模拟和成藏模式综合研究，开展了万米深层天然气的成藏关键条件分析和领域选区。研究表明：库车坳陷万米深层域发育受煤系地层及巨厚泥岩、古生界不整合双滑脱层控制的大型断背斜、背斜和断块构造，这些构造在克拉苏冲断带万米深层集中发育；万米深层域发育巨厚的三叠系—下侏罗统高—过成熟煤系和湖相泥岩烃源岩，生烃量（1000~3000）×10⁸m³/km²；大面积广域分布的辫状河三角洲下平原—前缘巨厚砂体和晚期快速深埋、超高温压强构造挤压应力作用下，大规模发育的裂缝—孔隙型储层，在万米深层仍具有5%~10%的孔隙度和1mD以上的渗透率；万米深层领域主要为三叠系—下侏罗统近源 / 源内的区域性生储盖组合，以构造—岩性致密砂岩气藏为主，优选克拉苏冲断带可勘探面积达4200km²，天然气资源量可达1.5×10⁸m³，其中克深气田之下构造圈闭是有利目标区。该研究成果将为国内万米深层碎屑岩领域天然气勘探奠定基础认识，为库车前陆盆地冲断带克拉—克深之下再找大气田夯实地质理论基础。

关键词: 万米深层天然气, 关键条件, 接替领域, 库车坳陷, 塔里木盆地

Abstract: Ten thousand meters deep is one of the important areas of natural gas exploration in Kuqa depression, and it is a potential replacement area because of its large resources, good preservation conditions and convenient oil and gas charging. But there are still some key problems such as structural trap, scale reservoir and reservoir formation type.Based on the geological structure anatomy of deep structure, hydrocarbon generation potential evaluation, reservoir physical simulation and comprehensive research of accumulation combination, the key conditions and fields selection of gas accumulation at 10000 meters deep depth are analyzed.The results show that large fault-anticlines, anticlines and fault-block structures, which are controlled by coal measure strata, giant thick mudstone and Paleozoic unconformity double detachment strata, are developed in the 10000 meter deep area of Kuqa Depression, and the Kelasu thrust belt is the most concentrated.Huge thick Triassic-Lower Jurassic high-over-mature coal measures and lacustrine mudstone source rocks are developed in the depth area of 10000 meters, with hydrocarbon generation capacity of （1000~3000）×10⁸m³/km². Under the large-area distribution of braided river delta plain-front giant thick sand body and late rapid deep burial, ultra-high temperature and ultra-high pressure strong structural compressive stress, the large-scale development of fracture-porosity reservoir still has 5%~10% porosity and more than 1mD permeability at the depth of 10000 meters.The 10000-meter deep area is mainly regional reservoir-cap combination in the Triassic-Lower Jurassic near/within the source, which is dominated by structure-lithologic gas reservoirs and tight sandstone gas reservoirs. The strategic exploration area of the preferred Kelasu thrust belt is 4200km², and the natural gas resources are up to 1.5×10⁸m³ and the trap under Keshen gas field is a favorable target area.The research results will provide the basic understanding for the exploration of natural gas in the field of clastic rock in the depth of 10000 meters in China, and lay the geological theoretical foundation for further exploration of large gas fields under the Kela and Keshen reservoirs in the thrust belt of Kuqa foreland basin.

Key words: 10000 meters deep gas, Reservoir conditions, Favorable belt, Kuqa Depression；Tarim Basin

中图分类号:

TE121

张荣虎, 金武弟, 曾庆鲁, 杨宪彰, 余朝丰, 宋兵, 王珂, 李东. 塔里木盆地库车坳陷万米领域天然气成藏关键条件分析与接替领域优选[J]. 中国石油勘探, 2025, 30(3): 47-61.

Zhang Ronghu, Jin Wudi, Zeng Qinglu, Yang Xianzhang, Yu Chaofeng, Song Bing, Wang Ke, Li Dong. Analysis of the key conditions for gas accumulation and favorable belt in 10000 meters deep clastic rock: a case study of the Mesozoic Kuqa foreland thrust belt[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2025, 30(3): 47-61.

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