中国石油勘探 ›› 2021, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (4): 84-98.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-7703.2021.04.007

• 石油地质 • 上一篇    下一篇

塔里木盆地南华纪—中寒武世构造沉积演化及其盐下勘探选区意义

杨海军,陈永权,潘文庆,王斌,杨文静,黄少英,杨鹏飞,易艳,王晓雪   

  1. 中国石油塔里木油田公司
  • 出版日期:2021-07-15 发布日期:2021-07-15
  • 作者简介:杨海军(1970-),男,河北卢龙人,博士,2008 年毕业于中国地质大学(武汉),教授级高级工程师,主要从事塔 里木盆地油气勘探方面的研究工作。地址:新疆库尔勒市石化大道26 号,邮政编码841000。
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划“塔里木盆地盐下超深层油气分布规律及有利勘探区带评价”(2019YFC0605505);中国石油天然气股份有限公司科学研究与技术开发项目“塔里木盆地震旦系白云岩储层建模与有利区带评价”(2020D-5010-28)。

Study on tectonic and sedimentary evolution during the Nanhua-Middle Cambrian and its significance for subsalt exploration, Tarim Basin#br#

Yang Haijun, Chen Yongquan, Pan Wenqing, Wang Bin, Yang Wenjing, Huang Shaoying, Yang Pengfei, Yi Yan, Wang Xiaoxue   

  1. PetroChina Tarim Oilfield Company
  • Online:2021-07-15 Published:2021-07-15

摘要: 中深1井、柯探1井(京能)、轮探1井相继发现,塔里木盆地寒武系盐下白云岩展现出巨大的勘探潜力。 沉积演化认识不清楚、沉积相图不准确,导致源储分布认识程度低是近年来一些探井失利的主要原因。基于新增的高 精度地震资料探讨南华纪—中寒武世的构造—沉积演化并开展新一轮沉积相编图,旨在厘定寒武系盐下重要层系源储 盖层分布,指导寒武系盐下白云岩勘探区带优选。研究发现,南华纪—寒武纪经历3 期大型构造运动,即塔里木运动、 库鲁克塔格运动与柯坪运动,形成南华系底、震旦系底与寒武系底3个大型不整合面,控制南华系裂陷—坳陷、震旦 系坳陷—碳酸盐台地与寒武系缓坡—碳酸盐台地3 层沉积结构;隆起演化经历南华纪“三坳两隆”、震旦纪“连片隆 起”到寒武纪“马蹄形隆起”的演化过程。基于地质结构研究、地震资料精细解释,编制了重点层系的沉积相图。在 新的沉积相认识指导下,提出3个继承性坳陷控制烃源岩广覆式发育,两个继承性隆起控制两套白云岩储层大面积发 育,中寒武统蒸发盐岩区域盖层广泛分布的认识;指出轮南周缘与塔中—古城地区是盐下勘探优选区带,阿瓦提周缘 与和田河气田周缘是潜在勘探领域。

关键词: 塔里木盆地, 南华系, 震旦系, 寒武系, 勘探潜力

Abstract: The successive discoveries in Wells Zhongshen 1, Ketan 1 (by Jingneng) and Luntan 1 demonstrate the great exploration
potential of Cambrian subsalt dolomite reservoir. However, the low level of understandings on the distribution of source
rocks and reservoirs due to the unclear understandings of sedimentary evolution and sedimentary facies leads to the failure of
some exploratory wells. In this study, the tectonic and sedimentary evolutions from the Nanhua period to Cambrian are discussed
and new sedimentary facies maps of key formations compiled based on new high-precision seismic data, so as to determine the
distribution of source rock, reservoir and caprock of Cambrian subsalt play, and guide the selection of exploration targets. Tarim
Basin has experienced three stages of large-scale tectonic movements, namely the Tarim movement, the Kuruktag movement and
the Keping movement, resulting three major unconformities at base Nanhua, Sinian and Cambrian, which control the three deposition structures of Nanhua rift-depression, Sinian depression-carbonate platform and Cambrian ramp-carbonate platform. The
evolution of tectonic uplifting has experienced the process of “two uplifts and three depressions” in the Nanhua period,
“continuous uplifting” in the Sinian and “horseshoe-shaped uplift” in the Cambrian. Guided by the sedimentary facies maps, it is
proposed that source rocks controlled by three inherited depressions are extensively deposited, two sets of dolomite reservoirs are
widely developed controlled by two inherited uplifts, and caprocks are widespread in the evaporating salt rock development area
of the Middle Cambrian. The peripheral area of Lunnan Uplift and Tazhong-Gucheng area are favorable plays for subsalt
exploration, and the peripheral areas of Awati Slope and Hetianhe Gasfield are potential exploration targets.

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