塔东古城地区碳酸盐岩储层地质认识与勘探领域

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-7703.2020.03.009

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 塔东古城地区寒武系—奥陶系碳酸盐岩是塔里木盆地非常重要的勘探领域，尤其是“两台夹一盆”的古地理格局，决定了研究区优越的源储配置和油气运移指向，但近几年的勘探没有达到预期效果，勘探潜力再次成为关注的焦点。基于大量的岩心、薄片观察、CT 扫描、地球化学数据、测井和地震资料分析，研究了塔东地区寒武系— 奥陶系不同地质历史时期碳酸盐台地类型、演化过程及其对沉积储层的控制作用，并对塔东地区寒武系—奥陶系碳酸盐岩勘探潜力进行评价。研究结果表明：塔东古城地区寒武纪—奥陶纪受构造运动和海平面变化影响，台地类型呈缓坡—镶边—弱镶边—缓坡—弱镶边开阔台地的演化特征，造就了寒武系盐下肖尔布拉克组—吾松格尔组缓坡微生物丘滩、中—上寒武统台缘带丘滩、中—上寒武统及中—下奥陶统斜坡重力流、鹰山组下段缓坡云化滩、鹰山组上段— 一间房组颗粒灰岩滩5 套储层的规模发育。以台地类型及其演化、有利储集相带为基础和牵引，以储集体分布预测及评价为核心，指出鹰山组下段缓坡云化滩和中—上寒武统台缘带丘滩是塔东近期增储上产的重点勘探领域。鹰山组上段—一间房组颗粒灰岩滩、寒武系盐下肖尔布拉克组—吾松格尔组缓坡微生物丘滩、中—上寒武统及中—下奥陶统斜坡重力流沉积是3 个值得探索的风险勘探领域。

关键词: 缓坡微生物丘滩储层；镶边台缘带丘滩储层；缓坡云化滩储层；弱镶边颗粒灰岩滩储层；斜坡重力流储层；台地类型；寒武系&mdash, 奥陶系；塔东地区；塔里木盆地

Abstract: The Cambrian-Ordovician carbonate rocks in the Gucheng area of Tadong are key exploration fields in the Tarim Basin. The paleogeographic pattern of "two platforms clamping one basin" determines the superior source-reservoir assemblage and hydrocarbon migration direction in the study area. However, in recent years, exploration activities have not achieved the expected results and the exploration potential of the area has again become the focus of attention. Based on a large number of cores, thin sections, CT scanning data, geochemical data, well logging, and seismic data, this paper examines the types and evolution processes of carbonate platforms in different geological periods of the Cambrian-Ordovician in the Tadong area, analyzes their controlling effects on sedimentary reservoirs, and evaluates the exploration potential of Cambrian-Ordovician carbonate rocks in the area. The results show that: Under the influence of tectonic movements and sea level change, the evolution characteristics of Cambrian-Ordovician platform types in the Gucheng area of Tadong is from ramp platform to rimmed platform to weak-rimmed platform to ramp platform to weak-rimmed open platform. This has resulted in the large-scale development of five sets of reservoirs: ramp microbial mound-shoal in the Cambrian subsalt Xiaoerbulake-Wusonggeer Formations, platform-margin mound-shoal in the Middle-Upper Cambrian, slope gravity flow in the Middle-Upper Cambrian and Middle-Lower Ordovician, ramp dolomitic shoal in the Lower Yingshan Formation, and grain limestone shoal in the Upper Yingshan-Yijianfang Formations. Based on the platform types, evolution processes, and favorable facies belts of reservoir, with prediction and evaluation of reservoir distribution as the core objective, it is indicated that ramp dolomitic shoal in the Lower Yingshan Formation and platform margin mound-shoal in the Middle-Upper Cambrian are the key exploration fields for reserves and production increase in the Tadong area in the near future. There are also three risk exploration fields worth exploring, which are the grain limestone shoal in the Upper Yingshan-Yijianfang Formations, the ramp microbial mound-shoal in the Cambrian subsalt Xiaoerbulake-Wusonggeer Formations, and the slope gravity flow in the Middle-Upper Cambrian and Middle-Lower Ordovician.

Key words: ramp microbial mound-shoal reservoir, mound-shoal reservoir in rimmed platform margin belt, ramp dolomitic shoal reservoir, weak-rimmed grain-limestone shoal reservoir, slope gravity flow reservoir, platform types, Cambrian-Ordovician, Tadong area, Tarim Basin

中图分类号:

沈安江, 张友, 冯子辉, 郑兴平, 朱茂, 邵冠铭, 宋叙, 朱可丹, 佘敏. 塔东古城地区碳酸盐岩储层地质认识与勘探领域[J]. 中国石油勘探, 2020, 25(3): 96-106.

Shen Anjiang, Zhang You, Feng Zihui, Zheng Xingping, Zhu Mao, Shao Guanming, Song Xu, Zhu Kedan, She Min. Geological understandings and exploration prospects of carbonate reservoirs in the Gucheng area, Tadong, Tarim Basin[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2020, 25(3): 96-106.

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