我国油气探矿权竞争性出让改革与油气企业创新实践研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-7703.2023.06.004

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 近年来，国家不断深化石油天然气市场体系改革，竞争性出让已成为获取新探矿权的主要方式。《关于推进矿产资源管理改革若干事项的意见（试行）》（自然资规〔2019〕7号）实施4年以来，国家共挂牌出让14轮66个油气探矿权，面积为4.19×10⁴km²，总成交价达93.16亿元。在系统梳理国家矿产资源管理改革进程的基础上，对矿业权出让制度改革不同阶段特征、油气企业积极参与改革的创新举措及出让区块勘探实践开展了系统研究，结果表明：（1）矿业权出让制度改革可划分为油气改革试点、出让政策落地、竞争性出让全面实施3个阶段，各具特点。（2）为积极应对激烈的竞争形势，中国石油等企业创新管理举措，建立了竞争性出让快速响应机制及管理制度，形成了一套区块价值评估方法和技术流程。（3）出让区块勘探实践取得一定成效，但除中曼石油天然气集团股份有限公司温宿区块建产外，总体油气发现较少，大部分区块已退减。油气探矿权竞争性出让在促进企业勘查投入、保障国家能源安全方面起到了重要作用，多元化油气市场已具雏形；为促进资源的高效利用，真正实现保障国家能源安全、有效培植油气矿业权市场良性竞争的双赢局面，提出了进一步完善竞争性出让管理体系、建立国家能源保障基地、开展出让区块后评估等建议。

关键词: 油气, 探矿权, 油气企业, 竞争性出让, 创新实践

Abstract: In recent years, the reform of national oil and gas market system has continuously been deepened, and competitive transfer has become the main method to acquire new exploration rights. Since the implementation of the “Opinions on Several Issues Concerning the Promotion of Mineral Resources Management Reform (Trial)” (Natural Resources Regulation (2019) No. 7 ), the government has listed and transferred 66 oil and gas exploration rights for 14 rounds, with an area of 4.19×10⁴km² and a total transaction price of 9.316 billion RMB. Based on the review of the reform process of national mineral resources management, the characteristics of the reform of exploration rights transfer system in different stages, the innovative measures of oil and gas enterprises to actively participate in the reform, and the exploration practice in the competitive transferred blocks are systematically studied. The results show that: (1) The reform of exploration rights transfer system is divided into three stages, i.e., pilot oil and gas reform, issuance of competitive transfer policy, and full implementation of competitive transfer, showing specified characteristics in each stage. (2) In order to actively respond to the fierce competition, PetroChina and other enterprises have innovated management measures, established rapid response mechanism and management system for the competitive transfer, and formed a set of assessment methods and technical processes for evaluating the block value. (3) Some good results have been achieved in the exploration practice in the transferred blocks. However, except for capacity construction in Wensu block by Zhongman Petroleum, the overall oil and gas discovery is few, and most of the blocks have been withdrawn. The competitive transfer of oil and gas exploration rights has played an important role in promoting exploration investment of enterprises and ensuring national energy security, initially forming diversified oil and gas market. In order to realize the high-efficiency utilization of resources, and truly realize the win-win situation of ensuring national energy security and effectively cultivating healthy competition in oil and gas exploration rights market, several suggestions are put forward, including further improving the competitive transfer management system, establishing a national energy security base, and conducting post-evaluation of the transferred blocks.

中图分类号:

TE121

倪新锋, 刘军平, 向峰云, 张颖, 郭沫贞, 王晓星, 王霞. 我国油气探矿权竞争性出让改革与油气企业创新实践研究[J]. 中国石油勘探, 2023, 28(6): 25-36.

Ni Xinfeng, Liu Junping, Xiang Fengyun, Zhang Ying, Guo Mozhen, Wang Xiaoxing, Wang Xia. Competitive transfer reform of oil and gas exploration rights in China and innovative practice of oil and gas enterprises[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2023, 28(6): 25-36.

参考文献

[1] 李国欣，何海清，梁坤，等.我国油气资源管理改革与中国石油创新实践[J].中国石油勘探，2021,26(2):45-54.
Li Guoxin, He Haiqing, Liang Kun, et al. China’s oil and gas resource management reform and China’s petroleum innovation practice[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2021, 26(2):45-54.
[2] 范必.中国油气改革报告[M].北京：人民出版社，2016:7-62.
Fan Bi. China oil and gas reform report[M]. Beijing: People’s Publishing House, 2016:7-62.
[3] 国务院.关于鼓励和引导民间投资健康发展的若干意见[EB/OL]. (2010-05-07)[2023-08-03].https://www.gov.cn/zwgk/2010-05/13/content_1605218.htm.
The State Council. Opinions on encouraging and guiding the healthy development of private investment[EB/OL].(2010-05-07)[2023-08-03].https://www.gov.cn/zwgk/2010-05/13/content_1605218.htm.
[4] 国务院.《矿业权出让制度改革方案》解读[EB/OL].（2017-06-17）[2023-08-08].http://www.gov.cn/zhengce/2017-06/17/content_5203345.htm#1.
The State Council．Interpretation of“ reform plan of mining right transfer system”[EB/OL]. (2017-06-17)[2023-08-08].http://www.gov.cn/zhengce/2017-06/17/content_5203345.htm#1.
[5] 国务院．关于印发矿产资源权益金制度改革方案的通知[EB/OL]. (2017-04-20)[2023-08-08].http://www.gov.cn/zhengce/content/2017-04/20/content_5187619.htm.
The State Council. Notice of print and distribute the plan for reforming the system of mineral resources equity fees[EB/OL].(2017-04-20)[2023-08-08].http://www.gov.cn/zhengce/content/2017-04/20/content_5187619.htm.
[6] 国策机构网.财政部国土资源部关于印发《矿业权出让收益征收管理暂行办法》的通知[EB/OL].(2017-07-01)[2023-08-08].http://www.guocedc.com/Industry/15494.html.
Guoce Institution Network. Ministry of Finance, Ministry of Land and Resources, Notice on issuing the interim measures for the administration of collection of proceeds from the transfer of mineral rights[EB/OL].(2017-07-01)[2023-08-08].http://www.guocedc.com/Industry/15494.html.
[7] 李国欣.中国油气矿业权出让制度演进历程及实践思考[J].国际石油经济，2022,30(12):7-16.
Li Guoxin. Evolution and practical thinking of China’s oil and gas mineral rights transfer system[J]. International Petroleum Economy, 2022,30(12):7-16.
[8] 自然资源部.关于推进矿产资源管理改革若干事项的意见（试行）[EB/OL].(2019-12-31)[2023-08-08].http://gi.mnr.gov.cn/202001/t20200109_2497042.html.
Department of Natural Resources. Opinions on several matters of promoting the reform of mineral resources management (trial)[EB/OL].(2019-12-31) [2023-08-08].http://gi.mnr.gov.cn/202001/t20200109_2497042.html.
[9] 自然资源部. 自然资源部有关司局负责人就《自然资源部关于深化矿产资源管理改革若干事项的意见》答记者问[EB/OL].(2023-08-02)[2023-08-08].http://gi.mnr.gov.cn/202308/t20230802_2796147.html.
Department of Natural Resources. The responsible person of the relevant department of the Ministry of Natural Resources answered the reporter’s questions on Opinions on several matters concerning deepening the reform of mineral resources management[EB/OL].(2023-08-02) [2023-08-08].http://gi.mnr.gov.cn/202308/t20230802_2796147.html.
[10] 自然资源部.关于深化矿产资源管理改革若干事项的意见[EB/OL].(2023-07-28)[2023-08-08].http://gk.mnr.gov.cn/zc/zxgfxwj/202307/t20230728_2795789.html.
Department of Natural Resources. Opinions on several matters concerning deepening the reform of mineral resources management[EB/OL].(2023-07-28)[2023-08-08].http://gk.mnr.gov.cn/zc/zxgfxwj/202307/t20230728_2795789.html.
[11] 人民网.新疆细化举措完善矿产资源竞争性出让[EB/OL].(2023-02-27) [2023-08-08].http://xj.people.com.cn/n2/2023/0227/c186332-40316984.html.
People’s Daily Online. Xinjiang detailed measures to improve the competitive transfer of mineral resources[EB/OL].(2023-02-27)[2023-08-08].http://xj.people.com.cn/n2/2023/0227/c186332-40316984.html.
[12] 倪新锋，刘军平，向峰云，等．中国石油矿权内部流转与优化配置改革创新实践与启示[J].中国石油勘探，2023,28(1):38-46.
Ni Xinfeng, Liu Junping, Xiang Fengyun, et al. PetroChina reform and innovation practice of internal transfer and optimal allocation of mining rights and enlightenment[J].China Petroleum Exploration, 2023,28(1):38-46.
[13] 蒋焕欢，张洁，杜婕妤，等. 石油企业内部矿权流转区块高效勘探开发创新实践[J].石油科技论坛,2021,40(5):73-78.
Jiang Huanhuan, Zhang Jie, Du Jieyu, et al. Innovation practice from efficient exploration and development of blocks with mining rights transferred within petroleum enterprises[J]. Petroleum Science and Technology Forum, 2021,40(5):73-78.
[14] 中国石化华东油气田分公司.中石化重庆页岩气有限公司揭牌成立[EB/OL].(2020-01-08)[2023-08-08].http://hdyq.sinopec.com/hdyq/news/company_news/20200108/news_20200108_400547921460.shtml.
SINOPEC East China Oil and Gas Field Company. Sinopec Chongqing Shale Gas Co., Ltd. was inaugurated[EB/OL] .(2020-01-08) [2023-08-08]. http://hdyq.sinopec.com/hdyq/news/company_news/20200108/news_20200108_400547921460.shtml.
[15] 腾讯网.正安县页岩气勘探开发项目有序推进[EB/OL]. (2022-09-27)[2023-08-08].https://new.qq.com/rain/a/20220927A03AIA00.
Tencent. Shale gas exploration and development projects in Zheng’an County are progressing in an orderly manner[EB/OL].(2022-09-27)[2023-08-08].https://new.qq.com/rain/a/20220927A03AIA00.
[16] 中国工业新闻网.国家常规油气探矿权改革试点亮出成果：塔里木柯坪北区块有望诞生大型油气田[EB/OL].(2020-05-01)[2023-08-08]. https://www.cinn.cn/yclgy/202005/t20200501_227865.html.
China industry News Network.The national pilot reform of conventional oil and gas exploration rights has shown results: large oil and gas fields are expected to be born in Keping North Block, Tarim[EB/OL].(2020-05-01)[2023-08-08]. https://www.cinn.cn/yclgy/202005/t20200501_227865.html.
[17] 中国新闻资讯网.国家油气探矿权出让提速，民企入局激活发展新动能[EB/OL].(2022-07-08)[2023-11-09].http://www.cnnewsinfo.com/202207/25o1540.html.
China News Information Network. The transfer of national oil and gas exploration rights accelerates the participation of private enterprises in the bureau to activate new development momentum[EB/OL].(2022-07-08)[2023-11-09].http://www.cnnewsinfo.com/202207/25o1540.html.
[18] 新浪网.中曼石油天然气集团股份有限公司关于新疆温宿项目勘探进展的公告[EB/OL].(2023-06-15)[2023-11-09].https://finance.sina.com.cn/jjxw/2023-06-15/doc-imyxhyww6596582.shtml.
Sina.com. Announcement of Zhongman Oil and Gas Group Co., Ltd. on the exploration progress of Wenshu Project in Xinjiang[EB/OL].(2023-06-15)[2023-11-09].https://finance.sina.com.cn/jjxw/2023-06-15/doc-imyxhyww6596582.shtml.