井—震深度误差精度主控因素分析及其新量化指标探讨——以四川盆地油气勘探为例

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-7703.2025.03.010

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 油田公司依据《地震勘探资料解释技术规程》（GB/T 33684—2017），考核地震构造成果精度的重要指标是井—震深度误差精度。在执行过程中出现了两个问题，一是国标中绝对误差及相对误差精度只是人为规定的，缺少一定的理论依据和技术支撑，在实际生产中可操作性不强 ; 二是油田公司制定相应的企业标准，不断提高的井—震深度误差精度远远超过地震纵向分辨率。笔者结合四川盆地油气勘探实践，深入分析影响井—震深度误差的4个主控因素：（1）偏移成像方法；（2）变速深转换速度误差；（3）层位标定；（4）地震勘探纵向分辨率。井—震深度绝对误差，与地震勘探纵向分辨率波长λ的大小相关联。因此，可应用地震勘探纵向分辨率的波长理论，针对油田的勘探、评价、开发和精细开发等不同阶段，取地震波长的不同分数值λ_n和K_λn，分别作为井—震深度绝对误差及相对误差的重要参考指标，在实际工作中具有可操作性，可供油田管理者在考核地震构造成果精度时做为参考指标。

关键词: 井—震深度误差, 主控因素, 标准, 波长绝对误差, 波长相对误差

Abstract: According to the “Technical Specification of Seismic Data Interpretation” (GB/T 33684-2017), oilfield companies use the accuracy of well–seismic depth errors as an important indicator for assessing the precision of seismic interpreted structure results. There are two problems during the implementation process. Firstly, the absolute error and relative error accuracies are artificially specified in the national standard, lacking certain theoretical basis and technical support, which has a low operability in actual practice; Secondly, oilfield companies have established corresponding enterprise standards, with the continuously higher accuracy requirements of well seismic–depth errors far exceeding the vertical seismic resolution. Based on the practice of oil and gas exploration in Sichuan Basin, four main controlling factors that affect well–seismic depth errors are deeply analyzed, including (1) migrated imaging methods; (2) velocity errors in variable-speed depth conversion; (3) horizon calibration; and (4) vertical resolution of seismic exploration. The absolute error of well–seismic depth is related to the magnitude of the longitudinal resolution wavelength λ in seismic exploration. Therefore, based on the wavelength theory of vertical resolution in seismic exploration, and targeted at various exploration stages (exploration, appraisal, development, and fine development) of oil fields, different fractional values of seismic wavelength (λ_n and K_λn) can be taken as important reference indicators for the absolute and relative errors of well–seismic depth, which is operable in practice and can be used as a reference for oil field managers to assess the accuracy of seismic interpreted structure results.

Key words: well–seismic depth error, main controlling factors, standard, absolute wavelength error, relative wavelength error

中图分类号:

P631.4

梁顺军, 窝聿楷, 孙甫, 刁永波, 巫芙蓉, 章雄, 刘定锦, 彭才, 李金芝, 董同武, 白洛飞, 游李伟. 井—震深度误差精度主控因素分析及其新量化指标探讨——以四川盆地油气勘探为例[J]. 中国石油勘探, 2025, 30(3): 136-149.

Liang Shunjun, Wo Yukai, Sun Fu, Diao Yongbo, Wu Furong, Zhang Xiong, Liu Dingjin, Peng Cai, Li Jinzhi, Dong Tongwu, Bai Luofei, You Liwei. Analysis of the main controlling factors for well–seismic depth error accuracy and discussion on new quantitative indicators: a case study of oil and gas exploration in Sichuan Basin[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2025, 30(3): 136-149.

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