准噶尔盆地呼图壁地区超深超高压致密气藏压裂扩展模拟及优化设计

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-7703.2025.03.012

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 呼图壁地区HT1井区储层埋深较大，低孔低渗透且致密，高温高压和天然裂缝发育条件下的裂缝扩展规律尚不明确，压裂施工存在挑战。针对此问题，首先对目的层岩心在高温高压条件下进行三轴压缩实验，获取弹性模量、泊松比等参数分布特征；然后基于地质工程一体化方法，综合利用相关实验数据、岩心、测井及地震解释等资料，建立三维地质力学模型；最后以地质力学模型为约束，开展考虑天然裂缝的直井压裂扩展模拟、施工参数优化设计以及生产历史拟合及预测。结果表明：（1）目标区块杨氏模量平均值为37.5GPa，泊松比平均值为0.25，最大水平主应力平均值为220MPa，最小水平主应力平均值为180MPa，最大、最小水平主应力值远大于常规气藏（普遍小于100MPa）；（2）基于停泵压降的裂缝参数反演，通过设置小尺度天然裂缝参数长度为70m，间距为150m，拟合了压裂缝长；（3）排量8m³/min，射孔长度8～10m，加液量910m³，砂比10%～16%为最优参数；（4）压裂投产下，稳产时间延长8年，累计产气量增加16.13×10⁸m³，压裂效果改善明显，为相关区块开发提供指导意义。

关键词: 超高压致密气藏, 地质工程一体化, 压裂参数优化, 天然裂缝模型, 数值模拟

Abstract: The reservoirs in HT1 well area in Hutubi area are characterized by relatively great burial depth, low porosity, low permeability and tight property. The fracture propagation law is unclear given the conditions of high temperature, high pressure and well-developed natural fractures, which poses challenges for fracturing construction. In order to solve this problem, triaxial compression tests have been conducted on core samples from the target layer under high temperature and high pressure conditions to obtain rock mechanic parameters such as elastic modulus and Poisson’s ratio. Based on geology and engineering integrated method, relevant lab test data, core observation, well logging and seismic interpretation data have been used to establish a 3D geomechanical model. Finally, constrained by the geomechanical model, the fracture propagation simulation, well construction parameter optimization design, production history fitting and prediction have been analyzed in vertical wells with natural fractures developed. The study results show that: (1) The average Young’s modulus is 37.5 GPa, and the average Poisson’s ratio is 0.25. The average maximum and minimum horizontal principal stresses are 220 MPa and 180 MPa, which are much higher than those of conventional gas reservoirs (generally less than 100 MPa). (2) By setting the length of 70 m and the interval of 150 m for small-scale natural fractures, the length of hydraulic fractures has been fitted using fracture parameter inversion method based on pump off pressure drop. (3) The simulation results indicate that the optimal construction parameters include a displacement of 8 m³/min, perforation interval of 8–10 m, liquid volume of 910 m³, and sand ratio of 10%–16%. (4) After fracturing and putting into operation, the duration of steady production extends by 8 years, and the cumulative gas production increases by 16.13×10⁸ m³, showing significant enhancement of fracturing results, which provides guidance for the development of similar blocks.

Key words: ultra-high pressure tight gas reservoir, geology and engineering integration, fracturing parameter optimization, natural fracture model, numerical simulation

中图分类号:

TE357.11

张芮菡, 熊卓航, 赵传凯, 石磊, 闫利恒, 仇鹏. 准噶尔盆地呼图壁地区超深超高压致密气藏压裂扩展模拟及优化设计[J]. 中国石油勘探, 2025, 30(3): 165-178.

Zhang Ruihan, Xiong Zhuohang, Zhao Chuankai, Shi Lei, Yan Liheng, Chou Peng. Fracture propagation simulation and optimal design of ultra-deep and ultra-high pressure tight gas reservoirs in Hutubi area, Junggar Basin[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2025, 30(3): 165-178.

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