地质工程一体化实施过程中的页岩气藏地质建模

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-7703.2020.02.009

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 地质工程一体化强调地学研究与作业的互动，在中国地质条件复杂的非常规油气田，地质建模在数据基础和应用需求上体现出了独特的挑战。一方面，数据以水平井为主、数据量大且数据类型冗杂；另一方面，作业进程要求模型快速迭代甚至达到“适时”建模。因此如何充分利用多种数据快速建立高质量的地质模型至关重要，本文关注以页岩气藏为代表的非常规油气藏建模的独特性，并提出了具体流程和方法。其一，系统阐述了水平井地质建模流程，通过真厚度域旋回对比、二维导向剖面及井震数据融合从一维到三维解决水平井构造和属性建模难题。其二，以蚂蚁追踪为例介绍了天然裂缝预测与建模方法，非常规储层裂缝普遍发育，在理解裂缝发育背景的前提下通过成像测井、钻井、微地震等多学科资料的交叉验证有助于实现合理的裂缝建模。第三，不同应用需求下的地质建模流程与应用，如多学科集成的井位部署优化、适时建模支持地质导向以及压裂工程应用等。

关键词: 地质工程一体化, 地质建模, 页岩气, 水平井, 天然裂缝

Abstract: Geology-engineering integration emphasizes the interaction between geological research and engineering operations. In China, the geological conditions of unconventional oil and gas fields are complex. As a result, geological modeling faces unique challenges in terms of data foundation and application requirements. On the one hand, the data are mainly from horizontal wells, so data volumes are large and data types are miscellaneous. On the other hand, geological models are required to iterate rapidly, or even perform “timely” modeling during operational processes. Therefore, it is critical to make full use of the various data to quickly establish high-quality geological models. This paper focuses on the unique nature of unconventional reservoir modeling, taking shale gas reservoirs as an example, and proposes specific workflows and methods. First, the geological modeling workflow of horizontal wells is systematically described. Through cycle correlation in true thickness domain and 2D geo-steering section and integration of seismic and well data, the difficulties of structure and attribute modeling of horizontal wells have been solved from one- to three-dimensions. Second, taking ant tracking technology as an example, natural fracture prediction and modeling methods are summarized. Fractures are widely developed in unconventional reservoirs. Based on understandings of the geological settings of fracture development, cross-validation from multidisciplinary data, such as FMI logging, drilling and micro-seismic data, is helpful in achieving reasonable fracture modeling. Third, geological modeling workflows and their application under different requirements are described, such as well deployment optimization, timely modeling to support geo-steering and fracturing operations by multi-disciplinary integration.

中图分类号:

舒红林, 王利芝, 尹开贵, 李庆飞, 张卓, 罗瑀峰. 地质工程一体化实施过程中的页岩气藏地质建模[J]. 中国石油勘探, 2020, 25(2): 84-95.

Shu Honglin, Wang Lizhi, Yin Kaigui, Li Qingfei, Zhang Zhuo, Luo Yufeng. Geological modeling of shale gas reservoirs during the implementation process of geology-engineering integration[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2020, 25(2): 84-95.

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