中国陆相页岩油类型、潜力及前景

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-7703.2019.05.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 近年来，中国石油对外依存度逐年攀升，国家能源安全形势日趋严峻，与此同时，北美“页岩革命”则如火如荼地进行。在此背景下，为拓宽中国油气勘探开发领域，寻找原油增储上产接替资源，对中国陆相页岩油的资源类型、潜力及发展前景进行了系统研究。分析认为，中国陆相页岩油具有四方面地质特征，并可按成熟度划分为中高成熟度和中低成熟度两大类型。两类陆相页岩油资源潜力均较大，中高成熟度页岩油地质资源量约200×108t，中低成熟度页岩的原位转化远景技术可采石油资源量大。近年来，陆相页岩油勘探获得诸多进展，中高成熟页岩油方面，源储一体型、源储分异型、纯页岩型3 种类型均有勘探发现；中低成熟度页岩油方面，正处于原位转化技术探索试验阶段。针对陆相页岩油未来发展，系统梳理了四大风险点，并结合中国国情及地质实际提出相应对策。综合研究认为，中国陆相页岩油有望实现工业化开发，并成为中国原油增储上产的重大接替领域。

关键词: 页岩油, 资源潜力, 勘探进展, 风险与对策

Abstract: In recent years, China’s oil dependence on foreign countries has been increasing year by year, and the national energy security is becoming more and more severe, while the“shale revolution”in North America is actively moving forward. In order to broaden oil and gas exploration and development, and to find successive resources for increasing crude oil reserves and production in China, the types, potentials and prospects of continental shale oil in China were investigated and analyzed systematically. The results show that the continental shale oil resources in China have four geological characteristics, and can be divided into two types in terms of maturity: medium-high maturity and medium-low maturity. Both of the two types have great potentials – the former is estimated to be about 200×108tons, and the latter has a great amount of technically recoverable, prospective resources in situ transform. In recent years, a lot of progress in shale oil exploration have been made. For the shale oil of medium-high maturity, exploration discoveries have been made in three types of shale accumulation: synchronogenic source - reservoir, separated source - reservoir and exclusive shale. For the shale oil of medium-low maturity, in situ transform technology is under development and pilot test. Finally, in view of the future development of continental shale oil, four risk points are put forward and corresponding countermeasures are proposed based on China’s national conditions and actual geological conditions. Comprehensive research concludes that industrial development of continental shale oil is expected and it will be an important successive resource for increasing crude oil reserves and production in China.

中图分类号:

杜金虎, 胡素云, 庞正炼, 林森虎, 侯连华, 朱如凯. 中国陆相页岩油类型、潜力及前景[J]. 中国石油勘探, 2019, 24(5): 560-568.

Du Jinhu, Hu Suyun, Pang Zhenglian, Lin Senhu, Hou Lianhua, Zhu Rukai. The types, potentials and prospects of continental shale oil in China[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2019, 24(5): 560-568.

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