准噶尔盆地玛湖凹陷二叠系风城组页岩油储层特征及控制因素

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-7703.2019.05.011

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 玛湖凹陷页岩油是准噶尔盆地近年来的重要勘探领域，通过岩心观察、岩石薄片、X—射线衍射、扫描电镜观测和物性、地球化学资料的统计分析，对二叠系风城组储层特征及控制因素进行了研究。分析认为二叠系风城组形成于持续沉降的咸化湖盆，主要发育扇三角洲和湖泊两种沉积相；岩石类型构成复杂，主要为陆源碎屑岩、白云岩与云质岩、富有机质泥页岩、蒸发岩、火山岩5 种类型，岩石中矿物成分种类多，垂向上变化较大，可见硅硼钠石、碳酸钠钙石、苏打石等不常见碱性矿物。储层储集空间类型主要为溶蚀孔、粒间孔、晶间孔和裂缝，其中溶蚀孔和裂缝为有利储集空间，具有裂缝—孔隙型双重介质结构，属于微孔细喉、低孔低—特低渗透储层。影响风城组页岩油储层发育的控制因素主要包括沉积环境与沉积相、岩石类型、有机碳含量及赋存方式、碱性矿物含量、成岩作用及裂缝等，其中沉积环境与沉积相制约储层发育规模和早期孔隙的发育；粉细砂岩、泥质粉砂岩及白云岩储集性能相对较好；有机碳含量与储层物性呈正相关关系；碱性矿物含量越高，储层孔隙度越高；白云岩化作用与溶蚀作用决定次生孔隙的形成；构造活动下发育大量裂缝，其作为储集空间及渗滤通道，使得溶孔在裂缝周边发育，对改善储层孔渗条件和储集性能具有积极建设性的作用。

关键词: 玛湖凹陷, 风城组, 页岩油, 储层特征, 控制因素

Abstract: Shale oil in Mahu sag is an important exploration field in the Junggar Basin in recent years. Through core observation, rock slices, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and statistical analysis of physical and geochemical data, the reservoir characteristics and control factors of Permian Fengcheng Formation are studied. The analysis shows that the Permian Fengcheng Formation was formed in the saline lacustrine basin when the latter sedimented consistently, and two main sedimentary facies, fan delta and lake, were developed. The rock types are complex, and mainly in five types: terrigenous clastic rocks, dolomites and dolomitic rocks, organic rich shale, evaporites, volcanic rocks. There are many mineral components in the rocks, which are changed greatly in vertical direction, and searlesite, shortite, nahcolite and other uncommon alkaline minerals can be observed. The types of reservoir space are mainly vugs, intergranular pores, intercrystal pores and fractures, among which vugs and fractures are the favorable reservoir spaces, and are of dual medium structure of fractures-pores, which belong to micro-pore thin throat, low-porosity, low-permeability and ultra-low-permeability reservoirs. The control factors affecting the development of Fengcheng Formation shale oil reservoir mainly include the sedimentary environment and sedimentary facies, lithology, organic carbon content and the storage mode, alkaline mineral content, diagenesis and fractures, etc., among which sedimentary environment and sedimentary facies control the reservoir development scale and pore development in early stage; the fine siltstone, argillaceous siltstone and dolomite are of good reserve performance; organic carbon content was positively related with reservoir properties; the alkaline mineral content higher, the higher the reservoir porosity, dolomite diagenesis and dissolution decide the formation of secondary pores; under tectonic activities large quantities of fractures develop as reserve space and percolation channel, and this leads to the development of vugs around fractures, which plays a positive and constructive role in improving porosity, permeability and reservoir performance.

中图分类号:

许琳, 常秋生, 冯玲丽, 张妮, 刘欢. 准噶尔盆地玛湖凹陷二叠系风城组页岩油储层特征及控制因素[J]. 中国石油勘探, 2019, 24(5): 649-660.

Xu Lin, Chang Qiusheng, Feng Lingli, Zhang Ni, Liu Huan. The reservoir characteristics and control factors of shale oil in Permian Fengcheng Formation of Mahu sag, Junggar Basin[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2019, 24(5): 649-660.

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